Mechanical complications in implant prosthesis - a literature review

Abstract

With the evolution of osseintegratable implants and the connection systems with the respective prosthetic abutments, implantology has evolved from a functional concept to a functional and aesthetic concept. However, despite the improvement of the technique, rehabilitation using these devices is not without successes. The most common mechanical complications that can occur at the implant-abutment interface can be correlated with a set of factors, such as osseointegration, implant systems, bone loss, micromovements and stress, bacterial infiltration, tightening and loosening torque, fatigue effects on the implant-abutment joint and concentration of tension forces. The present work aims to review the literature regarding these complications. Prevention of these complications begins with treatment planning and proper occlusal adjustment. Another important point is prosthetic consultations for maintenance and evaluation of screws, with possible preventive replacement.