Mandibular propulsion devices for Class II treatment: literature review

Abstract

Nowadays, many people seek dental treatments to improve their aesthetics, chewing function and quality of life. Orthodontics is one of the most popular areas for creating a harmonious smile and improving personal image. A common problem is dental malocclusion, which can cause functional and psychological problems. In 1899, Edward Hartley Angle classified malocclusions into three types: Class I, where the molars fit together correctly; Class II, where the upper first molar is in front of the lower molar, divided into two variations; and Class III, where the upper molar is behind the lower molar. Each type of malocclusion requires specific treatment, depending on the patient's growth phase. The mandibular propulsion device (MPA), created in 1995, aims to correct Class II, helping with the position of the jaw and improving the facial profile. This review analyzes studies on the efficacy of MPA in the treatment of mandibular retrusion. A literature search was conducted analyzing articles and monographs from 1899 to 2023, using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO and Dental Press. The articles were chosen to review the use of MPA as a Class II treatment option in patients with mandibular retrusion. It was concluded that mandibular devices for Class II correction are effective in improving dentoalveolar positions. Newer devices are easier to install and do not require full patient cooperation, increasing the chances of successful treatment.