Complications associated with implant-based prostheses: a literature review

Abstract

The success of implant-supported prostheses depends on biological, mechanical, and esthetic factors, requiring meticulous planning and a multidisciplinary approach. This study reviews the main complications associated with implant-supported prostheses, including fractures of the prostheses and prosthetic components, screw loosening, loss of retention, and peri-implantitis. The literature indicates that mechanical failures often stem from occlusal overload, material fatigue, and misalignments at the implant-abutment connection. Furthermore, the proper selection of materials and installation techniques, as well as the adoption of a maintenance protocol and patient instruction, are essential to minimize complications and ensure the longevity of the rehabilitation. The study concludes that the integration of planning, quality materials, and continuous follow-up is fundamental for the clinical success of implant-supported prostheses.