Impacted maxillary first molar: literature review

Abstract

Impacted teeth, such as the permanent maxillary first molar, are anomalies often diagnosed during routine dental examinations. Local factors, like insufficient arch space, and systemic factors, such as genetic conditions, contribute to their etiology. This article reviews the literature on the incidence, causes, consequences, diagnosis, and treatment options for impacted maxillary first molars, emphasizing orthodontic approaches. It reports the case of a 14-year-old male patient with an impacted right maxillary first molar, treated with orthodontic traction after space recovery. Early diagnosis and interdisciplinary management were critical to minimizing occlusal and periodontal complications, with promising initial results. The review highlights the importance of personalized strategies and modern technologies in managing these anomalies.