Treatment of open bite in mixed dentition: a literature review

Abstract

Mixed dentition is a growth phase where most severe occlusal problems can be diagnosed and corrected. One of the changes that can be noted in mixed dentition is anterior open bite (AOB). Factors contributing to AOB development, one of the most common malocclusions in deciduous dentition, include finger or pacifier sucking habits, presence of hypertrophic lymphoid tissues, mouth breathing, atypical speech, swallowing patterns, and lingual and labial interposition. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review on AOB treatment in mixed dentition to guide orthodontists correctly regarding its etiology, accurate diagnosis, and treatment. It can be concluded that AOB is a malocclusion with diverse etiologies, often complicating diagnosis and treatment. The optimal treatment period is during deciduous dentition, though effective treatment can also be achieved during mixed dentition with proper diagnosis and intervention. Appliance selection can vary greatly depending on the etiology of open bite; the literature presents numerous treatment options, allowing orthodontists to choose the most suitable for each case, as there is no single appliance that fits all cases. It is worth noting that orthodontic evaluation can often be complemented by a speech therapist assessment.