Orthodontics in obstructive sleep apnea - literature review

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder characterized by episodes of airway collapse during sleep, leading to reduced or absent airflow and impaired oxygenation. It can result in attention difficulties, increased risk of serious illnesses, and reduced quality of life. Diagnosis is made through polysomnography and assessments like Friedman and Mallampati. Treatment options include positive airway pressure devices (CPAP/BIPAP), oral appliances, and orthognathic surgery, depending on severity. Oral appliances are effective for mild to moderate cases, while surgery is considered for severe cases with anatomical abnormalities. As materials and methods, a theoretical survey was carried out in the LILACS and SciELO databases, selecting scientific articles that met the research purposes.