Use of mini-implants in orthodoncy: factors that influence in your stability

Abstract

The present work aims to evaluate the success rate of orthodontic mini- implants in different studies and to identify which clinical variables influence their stability through a literature review. The stability of a mini-implant is subdivided into primary (due to direct contact between the mini-implant and the bone) and secondary (which occurs after healing). There are currently two types of mini-implants: self-tapping and self-drilling. Mini-implant losses occur due to physical and mechanical factors, which result from the inadequate choice of insertion site. Among that, the success of mini-implants is based on factors such as deflection of the alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible; proximity to the periodontal ligament and intra-alveolar tooth movement; lower bone density, thinness and smaller alveolar bone volume; smaller thickness of the alveolar bone cortical; excessive pressure; mandibular and maxillary anatomical fragility; greater thickness of the gingival tissue.